No. Judges says where Samson’s strength came from, and it names the Spirit of the LORD. His hair was the mark that he belonged to God. After it was cut, Delilah called out that the Philistines were upon him, and he woke and said, “I will go out as at other times before, and shake myself.” Judges 16:20 adds, in the King James: “And he wist not that the LORD was departed from him.” He did not know.
The mark on his head
Before he was born, in Judges 13:5, an angel told his mother that “no razor shall come on his head: for the child shall be a Nazarite unto God from the womb.” The other terms, no wine and nothing unclean, the angel gave to her.
The law of the Nazarite in Numbers 6 ties the uncut hair to “the consecration of his God” upon his head, and later calls it “the hair of the head of his separation.” It says nothing about what the hair does for the man. The hair is a sign, not a supply. It shows whose he is, the way a ring on a hand shows a marriage without holding it together.
Where Judges says the strength came from
Judges does not stop at every feat to explain it. The foxes with firebrands in the Philistines’ grain, the great slaughter “hip and thigh,” the gates of Gaza carried up a hill: none of those comes with a source. Three times the narrator does stop, and each time the answer is the same. A lion roars at him, “And the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and he rent him as he would have rent a kid.” Before he goes down to Ashkelon and kills thirty men, “the Spirit of the LORD came upon him.” When he is handed over bound at Lehi, “the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and the cords that were upon his arms became as flax that was burnt with fire.”
After Lehi, sore athirst, Samson says it himself, at 15:18: “Thou hast given this great deliverance into the hand of thy servant.” Three times the narrator names the source of a feat, and each time it is the Spirit of the LORD. Judges never names the hair as the source; the narrator puts hair and strength in one sentence only once, when the strength leaves.
One verse apart
Samson brings that loss on himself when he finally tells Delilah.
That he told her all his heart, and said unto her, There hath not come a razor upon mine head; for I have been a Nazarite unto God from my mother’s womb: if I be shaven, then my strength will go from me, and I shall become weak, and be like any other man.
Judges 16:17 (KJV)
She has a man shave the seven locks while he sleeps on her knees, “and his strength went from him.” The narrator does tie the cutting to the loss. Then, one verse later, he names what had actually gone: “the LORD was departed from him.” The haircut was the moment, the last sign of his consecration taken from his head, and the departure was the reason. The David and Goliath chapter does something similar: it credits the sling in one verse, and before any stone is thrown it says the battle is the LORD’s.
He got up expecting to be himself, and he did not know.
Strengthen me
The Philistines put out his eyes and set him to grind in the prison. Judges notes that his hair “began to grow again after he was shaven,” credits nothing to it, and the next time Samson speaks to God he is standing between the pillars of the house where they had gathered to sacrifice to Dagon, brought out to be laughed at.
And Samson called unto the LORD, and said, O Lord GOD, remember me, I pray thee, and strengthen me, I pray thee, only this once, O God, that I may be at once avenged of the Philistines for my two eyes.
Judges 16:28 (KJV)
He asks God, at the end, and his hair does not come into it. He asked for strength to be avenged for his two eyes; he “bowed himself with all his might,” the house fell, and he died with the Philistines. The New Testament remembers him once, in a list of the faithful in Hebrews 11, between Barak and Jephthae, and says nothing there about hair.
What carries over from Samson is the first words of that prayer. A blind man brought out of a prison to be laughed at, with nothing left to bargain with, could still turn to God and say them: remember me, strengthen me.